The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious cup on fourteen separate occasions.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the match between the French league winners and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
However, Marseille struck twice in the closing moments to take a surprise advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital leveler in the dying moments to send the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing shootout victory.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the past thirteen seasons.